misnomer 用词不当

A misnomer is a name that is incorrectly applied to something. For example, the name of French fries is a misnomer, and that they should actually be called Belgian fries.

sea shanty 水手号子

sea shanty 水手们在帆船上劳作时吟唱的口头歌曲。这些歌曲尤其在海军水手和海盗之间非常流行。号子由吟诵与合唱两部分组成。吟诵部分往往由某一位船员单独起头领唱，吟诵者需要吟唱歌曲开场并建立节拍，这样随后到来的合唱部分其他船员就可以加入进来。 

An example is here

drawbridge 吊桥

a bridge, especially one over a castle's moat, which is hinged at one end so that it may be raised to prevent people crossing or to allow vessels to pass under it.

e.g. Pulling up the drawbridge on students who want to learn through reforms that ultimately reduce student choice risks damaging the life chances of young people from disadvantaged backgrounds.

snowflake

A very sensitive person. Someone who is easily hurt or offended by the statements or actions of others. The term has nothing to do with politics and snowflakes can be liberal or conservative in their views, but usage would show that it is a term far more readily employed by the right to describe the left, than the other way round.

on the back foot 处于劣势

on the back foot 处于劣势 at a disadvantage; out-manoeuvred or outclassed by an opponent

e.g. This not only put him on the back foot, it also meant he was not able to support her as well as he could.

Mont Blanc 勃朗峰栗子蛋糕

Mont Blanc 是阿尔卑斯山的最高峰，位于法国和意大利交界处。Mont Blanc海拔4810米，是西欧的最高峰。作为一种意大利甜点，Mont Blanc 是一种制作成积雪山峰形状的栗子蛋糕，因其形似阿尔卑斯山的Mont Blanc.

takoyaki 章鱼小丸子

Takoyaki 章鱼小丸子

"octopus balls" is a ball-shaped Japanese snack made of a wheat flour-based batter and cooked in a special molded pan. It is typically filled with minced or diced octopus, tempura scraps, pickled ginger, and green onion.